Methods of Communication

Quick Answer

Written or electronic material falls into three categories by audience: correspondence, retail communication, and institutional communication. Correspondence reaches a small number of retail investors, and retail communication reaches a larger retail audience. Institutional communication goes only to institutional investors and excludes the firm's internal communications. A registered principal generally approves retail communication before use.

Communication is one part of a relationship or dealing. It is distinct from the information that might be discussed through that method.


Is the Message Correspondence, Retail, or Institutional Communication?

  • Methods of communication: The methods a firm uses when dealing with customers, vendors, and associated persons of the firm.
  • Correspondence: Written or electronic communication distributed or made available to a small number of retail investors.
  • Retail communication: Written or electronic communication distributed or made available to a larger number of retail investors.
  • Institutional communication: Written or electronic communication made available only to institutional investors, excluding the firm's internal communications.

Exam Tip: Gotchas

Methods of communication and nonpublic personal information are separate concepts. A question can test the communication method even when information privacy is not the issue.

What Should You Check on Exam Day?

  • For written or electronic material, identify the audience to determine its communication category.
  • Apply the correct approval or review control to the communication category.
  • Keep the communication method separate from any nonpublic-information issue.